Protocol - Educational Attainment - Individual
Description
The interviewer asks the respondent or proxy about his or her education completed to date. The respondent is asked to indicate the highest grade level or degree received at the time of the interview. A card with the categories printed on it is provided to the respondent for him or her to indicate one of the applicable categories.
Specific Instructions
Although the question doesn't include the words "to date" after highest level of education completed, it is implied. The respondent may give a questionable response such as "I am almost finished with my GED." In this situation, the question should be repeated, and the interviewer should ask the respondent the grade he or she completed before he or she returned to classes to complete the GED. The interviewer should read the hand card, if necessary.
Availability
Protocol
What is the highest grade or level of school you have completed or the highest degree you have received? [HAND CARD, READ HAND CARD CATEGORIES IF NECESSARY. ENTER HIGHEST LEVEL OF SCHOOL.]
0[ ]NEVER ATTENDED/KINDERGARTEN ONLY;
1[ ]1ST GRADE;
2[ ]2ND GRADE;
3[ ]3RD GRADE;
4[ ]4TH GRADE;
5[ ]5TH GRADE;
6[ ]6TH GRADE;
7[ ]7TH GRADE;
8[ ]8TH GRADE;
9[ ]9TH GRADE;
10[ ]10TH GRADE;
11[ ]11TH GRADE;
12[ ]12TH GRADE, NO DIPLOMA;
13[ ]HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE;
14[ ]GED OR EQUIVALENT;
15[ ]SOME COLLEGE, NO DEGREE;
16[ ]ASSOCIATE DEGREE: OCCUPATIONAL, TECHNICAL, OR VOCATIONAL PROGRAM;
17[ ]ASSOCIATE DEGREE: ACADEMIC PROGRAM;
18[ ]BACHELOR'S DEGREE (EXAMPLE: BA, AB, BS, BBA);
19[ ]MASTER'S DEGREE (EXAMPLE: MA, MS, MEng, MEd, MBA);
20[ ]PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL DEGREE (EXAMPLE: MD, DDS, DVM, JD);
21[ ]DOCTORAL DEGREE (EXAMPLE: PhD, EdD);
77[ ]REFUSED;
99[ ]DON'T KNOW
Personnel and Training Required
No specific training is needed if data are collected through a self-administered questionnaire. If interviewers administer the questionnaire, the interviewer must be trained to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population and found competent to administer these particular questions (i.e., tested by an expert) at the completion of this training. The interviewer should be trained to prompt respondents further if a "don't know" response is provided.
Equipment Needs
The PhenX Working Group acknowledges these questions can be administered in a computerized or noncomputerized format (i.e., paper-and-pencil instrument). Computer software is necessary to develop computer-assisted instruments. The interviewer will require a laptop computer/handheld computer to administer a computer-assisted questionnaire.
Requirements
| Requirement Category | Required |
|---|---|
| Major equipment | No |
| Specialized training | No |
| Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
| Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | No |
Mode of Administration
Interviewer-administered questionnaire
Lifestage
Infant, Toddler, Child, Adolescent, Adult, Senior, Pregnancy
Participants
A person age 18 years or older who can provide information about family members who live in the household.
Selection Rationale
Education is correlated with occupation and income, which taken together are useful epidemiologic predictors of health status. Vetted against education questions found in other instruments, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) question was selected because it included the most comprehensive list of response categories.
Language
English, Other languages available at source
Standards
| Standard | Name | ID | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) | Current educ attainment proto | 63056-6 | LOINC |
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
The Steering Committee (SC) reviewed this protocol in June 2020.
Guidance from the SC includes:
- Changed the name of the measure
- Updated protocol
Back compatible: no changes to Data Dictionary
Previous version in Toolkit archive (link)
Protocol Name from Source
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), Demographics Module, 2019-2020
Source
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), Demographics Module, 2019–2020. Atlanta, GA: Author. Question number: DMQ.141.
General References
Adamsen, C., Schroeder, S., LeMire, S., & Carter, P. (2018). Education, Income, and Employment and Prevalence of Chronic Disease Among American Indian/Alaska Native Elders. Preventing Chronic Disease, 15(E37), Article 170387.
Ogden, C.L., Carroll, M.D., Fakhouri, T.H., Hales, C.M., Fryar, C.D., Li, X., & Freedman, D.S. (2018). Prevalence of Obesity Among Youths by Household Income and Education Level of Head of Household — United States 2011–2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67(6):186–189.
Vilen, L., Cleveland, R.J., Callahan, L.F. (2018). Educational Attainment, Health Status, and Program Outcomes in Latino Adults with Arthritis Participating in a Walking Program. Preventing Chronic Disease, 15(E128), Article 180129.
Protocol ID
11002
Variables
Export Variables| Variable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PX011002_Educational_Attainment_Individual_Highest_Grade | ||||
| PX011002010000 | What is the highest grade or level of school more | N/A | ||
Measure Name
Educational Attainment - Individual
Release Date
July 21, 2020
Definition
Question asking the respondent for his or her highest educational attainment at the current time.
Purpose
Education is correlated to occupation and income and is one of the key components of combined measures of "socioeconomic status."
Keywords
Demographics, National Center for Health Statistics, NCHS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, education, school, college, university, graduate, student, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES, SES Measures (income, education, occupation), Demographics-Populations with HD
Measure Protocols
| Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
|---|---|
| 11002 | Educational Attainment - Individual |
Publications
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Bartholomew, T. S., et al. (2024) Project CHARIOT: study protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study of comprehensive tele-harm reduction for engagement of people who inject drugs in HIV prevention services Addiction Science & Clinical Practice. 2024 March; 19(1). doi: 10.1186/s13722-024-00447-9
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Dahl, A., et al. (2024) Genetic and brain similarity independently predict childhood anthropometrics and neighborhood socioeconomic conditions Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience. 2024 February; 65(1). doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101339
Cuca, Y. P., et al. (2024) The Social, Mental, and Physical Health Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People With HIV: Protocol of an Observational International Multisite Study Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. 2024 January; 35(1): 60-74. doi: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000444
Sharma, P., et al. (2023) A Christian Faith-Based Facebook Intervention for Smoking Cessation in Rural Communities (FAITH-CORE): Protocol for a Community Participatory Development Study JMIR Research Protocols. 2023 December; 12: e52398. doi: 10.2196/52398
Markland, A. D., et al. (2023) Optimizing remote access to urinary incontinence treatments for women veterans (PRACTICAL): Study protocol for a pragmatic clinical trial comparing two virtual care options Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2023 October; 133: 107328. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107328
Trifan, G., et al. (2023) Association of Unfavorable Social Determinants of Health With Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack and Vascular Risk Factors in Hispanic/Latino Adults: Results From Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Journal of Stroke. 2023 September; 25(3): 361-370. doi: 10.5853/jos.2023.00626
Crusan, A., et al. (2023) Using Community-Based Participatory Research Methods to Inform the Development of Medically Tailored Food Kits for Hispanic/Latine Adults with Hypertension: A Qualitative Study. Nutrients. 2023 August; 15(16): 3600. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163600
Lee, R. E., et al. (2023) Acceptability and Feasibility of Saliva-delivered PCR Coronavirus 2019 Tests for Young Children. Pediatrics. 2023 July; 152(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2022-060352D
Bart, T. A., et al. (2023) Measurement invariance of commonly used psychosis-screening scales in US Spanish- and English-speaking Hispanic participants. Psychological Assessment. 2023 April; 35(4): 300-310. doi: 10.1037/pas0001207
Chan, N. W., et al. (2022) Social determinants of health data in solid organ transplantation: National data sources and future directions. Am J Transplant. 2022 October; 22(10): 2293-2301. doi: 10.1111/ajt.17096
Charron, E., et al. (2022) Pain Severity and Interference and Substance Use Among Community Pharmacy Patients Prescribed Opioids: A Secondary Analysis of the PHARMSCREEN Study. Journal of Pain. 2022 August; 23(8): 1448-1459. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.03.238
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Brown, L. D., et al. (2022) Addressing Hispanic Obesity Disparities Using a Community Health Worker Model Grounded in Motivational Interviewing. American Journal of Health Promotion. 2022 February; 36(2): 259-268. doi: 10.1177/08901171211049679
Loring, D. W., et al. (2022) Rationale and Design of the National Neuropsychology Network. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 2022 January; 28(1): 11-Jan. doi: 10.1017/S1355617721000199
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