Protocol - Exposures to Violence, Trauma, and Victimization - Adult
- Childhood Maltreatment
- Family Conflict - Intimate-Relationship
- Family Conflict - Parent-Child
- Family Interpersonal Relationships
- Life Events - Adult
- Life Events - Child
- PTSD Screener - DSM 5
- PTSD Screener - DSM-IV
- PTSD Symptoms, Severity, and Diagnosis - DSM 5
- PTSD Symptoms, Severity, and Diagnosis - DSM-IV
- Trauma and Adversity Exposure - General
- Trauma and Adversity Exposure - Military
Description
The respondent is asked a comprehensive list of questions about trauma and victimization experiences over his/her lifetime. If the respondent answers "yes" to the first question, the interviewer administers additional follow-up questions about the event. Follow-up questions collect information about the person’s age when the event occurred, whether serious injury or death was involved, if there was an intense feeling of fear and helplessness, the frequency of the event, and whether anyone else ever tried to harm the person in the same way. The questions are sensitive and cover subjects such as physical violence, sexual abuse, suicide, and murder.
Specific Instructions
The Psychosocial Working Group recommends that the Lifetime Traumatic and Victimization History (LTVH) instrument be used as a comprehensive assessment of an individual’s lifetime experiences to traumatic and victimization events. This instrument is used to capture information about a wide range of serious events (e.g., natural disasters, physical or sexual abuse, criminal assault, items stolen from you, accidents) that may have negative consequences (e.g., psychological distress, increased vulnerability). It is not a diagnostic tool for mental health conditions.
Adults who have experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, or another traumatic event may be very sensitive to these questions. The interviewer should respect the privacy of the respondent and administer the questions in a location where others cannot overhear the interview.
The External Review Panel notes that the Lifetime Traumatic and Victimization History (LTVH) can be used to establish exposure to categories of potentially traumatic events typically encountered by the general population. Like the Life Events Checklist (LEC), the potentially traumatic events in the Lifetime Traumatic and Victimization History (LTVH) can be examined in preparation for the Criterion A inquiry in Post-traumatic Stress Disorders diagnostic instruments such as the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS; see PTSD Symptoms, Severity and Diagnosis). Additionally, the External Review Panel notes that Criterion A is no longer required for PTSD diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).
Recommendations for the Interviewer:
A "yes" or "no" response is all the information we are requesting from the respondent. We do not want to ask them details about what might have been a very painful experience.
The question "were you in danger of death or serious physical injury?" refers to the time of the incident only. For example, if they become distressed later as a result of the event, that is not what we are interested in.
The question "did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror?" refers to any time during the event or afterwards when they were thinking about the event.
Any "act of nature" can be included, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, landslides, avalanches, volcanoes, etc.
"Seeing a dead body" could refer to a situation where the respondent is with someone when they die. There are many hospice situations in which family members are present at the time of death. If the person defines this as a particularly stressful or upsetting event, then it must be included.
By "breaking in", we don’t mean breaking into a house because they forgot their key. We do want to include the type of event when someone breaks into the house when they are not living there or were kicked out.
The question which deals with "threatened you in a face-to-face" involves threat, but no weapon. This follows the different question about "threatening you with a weapon".
In the final open question, the person should state briefly or describe briefly the situation.
Availability
Protocol
LIFETIME TRAUMA AND VICTIMIZATION HISTORY (LTVH) INSTRUMENT - ADULT VERSION
The next questions are about serious events that may have happened to you during your lifetime.
| 1. Have you ever been involved in a natural disaster, such as a tornado, hurricane, flood, or earthquake? Yes ... 1 No .... 2 (Go to 2) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? Yes ... 1 No .... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes ... 1 No .... 2 | Was there another time you were involved in a natural disaster, such as a tornado, hurricane, flood, or earthquake? Yes ... 1 No .... 2 | |||
| 2. Have you ever been involved in a man-made disaster, such as a fire, train crash, car accident, or building collapse? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 3) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there another time where you were involved in a man-made disaster, such as a fire, train crash, car accident, or building collapse? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 3. Have you ever been involved in direct combat experience in a war? [NOTE: INCLUDE POLICE SHOOTOUTS AND GANG FIGHTS] Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 4) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there another time where you were involved in direct combat experience in a war? [NOTE: INCLUDE POLICE SHOOTOUTS AND GANG FIGHTS] Yes.....1 No......2 | |||
| 4. Have you ever lived in a war zone? (For example, the Persian Gulf or Bosnia). Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 5) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there another time that you lived in a war zone? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 5. Have you ever had a serious accident at work, at home, or somewhere else? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 6) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there another time when you had a serious accident at work, at home, or somewhere else? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 6. Have you ever been exposed to dangerous chemicals or radioactivity? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 7) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there another time that you were exposed to dangerous chemicals or radioactivity? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 7. Have you ever been shot at, stabbed, struck, kicked, beaten, punched, slapped around, or otherwise physically harmed? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 8) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: ________ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | Has anyone else ever shot at, stabbed, struck, kicked, beaten, punched, slapped around, or otherwise physically harmed you? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |
| 8. Have you ever been threatened with any kind of a weapon, like a knife, gun, baseball bat, frying pan, scissors, stick, rock, or bottle? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 9) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: ________ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | Has anyone else threatened you with any kind of weapon? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |
| 9. Has anyone ever threatened you in a face-to-face confrontation? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 10) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: ________ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | Has anyone else threatened you in a face-to-face confrontation? Yes... 1 No….2 | |
| 10. Have you ever been actually assaulted with any kind of a weapon, like a knife, gun, baseball bat, frying pan, scissors, stick, rock, or bottle? Yes..........1 No........... 2 (Go to 11) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: _______ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | Has anyone else actually assaulted you with any kind of a weapon, like a knife, gun, baseball bat, frying pan, scissors, stick, rock, or bottle? Yes... 1 No….2 | |
| 11. When you were a child--that is, when you were in elementary or middle school, before about age 12--were you ever struck, kicked, beaten, punched, slapped around, or otherwise physically harmed? Yes...........1 No............2 (Go to 12) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: ________ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | During your childhood were you struck, kicked, beaten, punched, slapped around, or otherwise physically harmed by anyone else? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |
| 12. When you were a child- that is, when you were in elementary or middle school, before about age 12-were you ever physically abused? Yes...........1 No............2 (Go to 13) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: ________ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | During your childhood has anyone else physically abused you? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |
| 13. Has anyone--male or female--ever forced or coerced you to engage in unwanted sexual activity? Yes...........1 No............2 (Go to 14) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: ________ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | Has anyone else--male or female--ever forced or coerced you to engage in unwanted sexual activity? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |
| 14. Other than what we just talked about, did anyone, male or female, ever attempt to--but not actually-- force you to engage in unwanted sexual activity? Yes.........1 No...........2 (Go to 15) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: ________ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | Has anyone else--male or female, attempted to--but not actually--forced you to engage in unwanted sexual activity? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |
| 15. Other than what we just talked about, has anyone ever actually touched private parts of your body or made you touch theirs against your wishes? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 16) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How many times did this person do this to you? # of TIMES: ________ | How old were you the last time this person did this to you? AGE: _____ | Has anyone else ever actually touched private parts of your body or made you touch theirs against your wishes? Yes..... 1 No.......2 | |
| 16. Have you ever had an immediate family member, romantic partner, or very close friend who was murdered? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 17) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was anyone else who was an immediate family member, romantic partner, or very close friend murdered? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 17. Have you ever seen or been present when someone was murdered or seriously injured? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 18) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there any other time when you saw or were present when someone was murdered or seriously injured? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 18. Have you ever had an immediate family member, romantic partner, or very close friend commit suicide? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 19) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did anyone else who was an immediate family member, romantic partner, or very close friend commit suicide? Yes... 1 No….2 | |||
| 19. Have you ever seen a dead or mutilated body? Other than at a funeral, in the movies or newspaper? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 20) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there any other time when you saw a dead or mutilated body? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 20. Have you ever seen or been present when another person was shot at, stabbed, struck, kicked, beaten, slapped around, or otherwise physically harmed? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 21) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there any other time when you saw or were present when another person was shot at, stabbed, struck, kicked, beaten, slapped around, or otherwise physically harmed? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 21. Have you ever seen or been present when another person was raped, sexually attacked, or made to engage in unwanted sexual activity? Yes..... 1 No...... 2 (Go to 22) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there any other time when you saw or were present when another person was raped, sexually attacked, or made to engage in unwanted sexual activity? Yes... 1 No….2 | |||
| 22. Has anyone ever intentionally damaged or destroyed property owned by you or by someone in your household? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 23) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Has anyone else intentionally damaged or destroyed property owned by you or by someone in your household? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 23. Has anyone ever stolen something from you by using force or the threat of force like in a stick-up, mugging, or car-jacking? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 24) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Has anyone else ever stolen something from you by using force or the threat of force like in a stick-up, mugging, or car-jacking? Yes... 1 No…..2 | |||
| 24. Has anyone ever tried to--but not actually--steal something from you by using force or the threat of force like in a stick-up, mugging, or car-jacking? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 25) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Has anyone else ever tried to--but not actually--steal something from you by using force or the threat of force like in a stick-up, mugging, or car-jacking? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 25. Has anyone ever tried to or actually broken in to your house, garage, shed, or storage room when you were not there? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 26) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Has anyone else ever tried to or actually broken in to your house, garage, shed, or storage room when you were not there? Yes... 1 No.....2 | |||
| 26. Has anyone ever tried to or actually broken in to your house, garage, shed, or storage room when you were there? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 27) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Has anyone else ever tried to or actually broken in to your house, garage, shed, or storage room when you were there? Yes.....1 No......2 | |||
| 27. Has anyone ever stolen something directly from you without the threat or use of force (for example purse-snatching or pick-pocket)? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 28) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Has anyone else stolen something directly from you without the threat or use of force? Yes.....1 No......2 | ||||
| 28. Have you ever been kidnapped or held captive? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 29) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | How long were you held or not allowed to leave? LENGTH OF TIME:_____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Was there any other time when you were kidnapped or held captive? Yes... 1 No….2 | ||
| 29. Have you ever been stalked by anyone? For example, has anyone ever followed or spied on you? Yes... 1 No.... 2 (Go to 30) | How old were you the first time it happened? AGE:____ | Were you in danger of death or serious physical injury? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No.... 2 | How old were you the last time this person stalked you? AGE: _____ | Has anyone else stalked you? Yes... 1 No….2 | ||
| 30. Have you ever been in any other situation in which you were in danger of death or serious physical injury, or in which you felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 SPECIFY: _____________ No.... 2 | How old were you when it happened? AGE: _____ | Was there any other situation in which you were in danger of death or serious physical injury, or in which you felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror? Yes... 1 No….2 | |||||
Scoring:
There are several ways to score the instrument, from very simple to more complex. One can simply count the number of events that the person endorsed, the total number of events (that is, if the event happened more than once), or the number of items of different types (general traumas, items 1-6; physical violence, items 7-10; physical abuse, items 11-12; sexual violence, items 13-15; seen family/friend murdered or commit suicide, items 16-18; witnessed trauma to someone else, items 19-21; crime victimization, items 22-27; kidnapped or stalked, items 28-29; or anything else, item 30). One can count items that occurred during certain time periods in the person’s life (childhood, adolescence, or adulthood) or items that only reached a certain threshold of intensity, based on questions about the person’s perception of the event (i.e., Were you afraid that you might die or get hurt really badly?). For certain purposes where less detail is desired, one might omit these follow-up questions entirely.
Personnel and Training Required
The interviewer must be trained and found competent to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population. The interviewer should be trained to prompt respondents further if a "don’t know" response is provided. It is preferable to either read the questionnaire aloud to the respondent or administer it in an audio-assisted computer interview (ACASI) format.
The questions are sensitive in nature and the interviewer should be trained to react appropriately to emotional responses. If a distressed respondent protocol is adopted the interviewer should be trained to administer those procedures.
Equipment Needs
These questions can be administered in a computerized or noncomputerized format (i.e., paper-and-pencil instrument). Computer software is necessary to develop computer-assisted instruments. A laptop computer/handheld computer will be needed to administer a computer-assisted questionnaire.
Requirements
| Requirement Category | Required |
|---|---|
| Major equipment | No |
| Specialized training | No |
| Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
| Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | No |
Mode of Administration
Interviewer-administered questionnaire
Lifestage
Adult, Senior, Pregnancy
Participants
Age 18+ years
Selection Rationale
The Lifetime Trauma and Victimization History (LTVH) instrument was developed to be brief, easy to administer, and easy for the respondent to comprehend the questions. The instrument captures information and frequencies of a wide range of traumatic experiences.
The instrument was validated by interviewing a case-control sample of neglected and physically/sexually abused children and comparing the results with official records and reports. Psychometric analysis of the physical abuse and sexual abuse responses yielded good discriminant validity. However, there was substantial underreporting for both types of abuse.
Language
English
Standards
| Standard | Name | ID | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) | Exposures to violence - adult proto | 62944-4 | LOINC |
| Human Phenotype Ontology | Abnormal aggressive, impulsive or violent behavior | HP:0006919 | HPO |
| caDSR Form | PhenX PX181401 - Exposures To Violence Adult Protocol | 6190279 | caDSR Form |
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
Expert Review Panel 4 (ERP 4) reviewed the measures in the Neurology, Psychiatric, and Psychosocial domains.
Guidance from ERP 4 included the following:
- Revised descriptions of measure
Protocol Name from Source
Lifetime Traumatic and Victimization History (LTVH)
Source
Widom, C. S., Dutton, M. A., Czaja, S. J., & DuMont, K. A. (2005). Development and validation of a new instrument to assess lifetime trauma and victimization history. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(5), 519-531.
General References
Goodman, L. A., Corcoran, C. B., Turner, K., Yuan, N., & Green, B. L. (1998). Assessing traumatic event exposure: General issues and preliminary findings for the stressful life events screening questionnaire. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 11(3), 521-542.
Green, B. (1996). Traumatic stress and disaster: Mental health factors influencing adaptation. Annual Review of Psychiatry. In F. L. Mak & C. C. Nadelson (Eds.), International Review of Psychiatry (Vol. 2, pp. 177-210). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
Norris, F. H. (1992). Epidemiology of trauma: Frequency and impact of different potentially traumatic events on different demographic groups. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 409-418.
Widom, C. S., Czaja, S.J., & Dutton, M. A. (2008). Childhood victimization and lifetime revictimization. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32, 785-796.
Protocol ID
181401
Variables
Export Variables| Variable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PX181401_Assaulted_Weapon | ||||
| PX181401100000 | Have you ever been actually assaulted with more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Assaulted_Weapon_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401100100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Assaulted_Weapon_Age_Last_Happened | ||||
| PX181401100500 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Assaulted_Weapon_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401100300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Assaulted_Weapon_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401100600 | Has anyone else actually assaulted you with more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Assaulted_Weapon_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401100200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Assaulted_Weapon_Times | ||||
| PX181401100400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Attempted_Sexual_Activity | ||||
| PX181401140000 | Other than what we just talked about, did more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Attempted_Sexual_Activity_Age_FirstHappened | ||||
| PX181401140100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Attempted_Sexual_Activity_Age_Last_Happened | ||||
| PX181401140500 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Attempted_Sexual_Activity_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401140300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Attempted_Sexual_Activity_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401140600 | Has anyone else--male or female, attempted more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Attempted_Sexual_Activity_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401140200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Attempted_Sexual_Activity_Times | ||||
| PX181401140400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_BreakIn_WhileThere_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401260100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_BreakIn_WhileThere_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401260300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_BreakIn_WhileThere_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401260400 | Has anyone else ever tried to or actually more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_BreakIn_WhileThere_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401260200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Break_In | ||||
| PX181401250000 | Has anyone ever tried to or actually broken more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Break_In_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401250100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Break_In_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401250300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Break_In_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401250400 | Has anyone else ever tried to or actually more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Break_In_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401250200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Break_In_While_There | ||||
| PX181401260000 | Has anyone ever tried to or actually broken more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Chemicals_Radiation | ||||
| PX181401060000 | Have you ever been exposed to dangerous more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Chemicals_Radiation_Age | ||||
| PX181401060100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Chemicals_Radiation_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401060300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Chemicals_Radiation_Other_Time | ||||
| PX181401060400 | Was there another time you were exposed to more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Chemicals_Radiation_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401060200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Combat_Experience | ||||
| PX181401030000 | Have you ever been involved in direct combat more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Combat_Experience_Age | ||||
| PX181401030100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Combat_Experience_Fear | ||||
| PX181401030300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Combat_Experience_Other_Time | ||||
| PX181401030400 | Was there another time where you were more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Combat_Experience_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401030200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Dead_Body | ||||
| PX181401190000 | Have you ever seen a dead or mutilated body? more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Dead_Body_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401190100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Dead_Body_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401190300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Dead_Body_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401190400 | Was there any other time when you saw a dead more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Dead_Body_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401190200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Destroyed_Property | ||||
| PX181401220000 | Has anyone ever intentionally damaged or more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Destroyed_Property_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401220100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Destroyed_Property_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401220300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Destroyed_Property_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401220400 | Has anyone else intentionally damaged or more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Destroyed_Property_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401220200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Forced_Sexual_Activity | ||||
| PX181401130000 | Has anyone--male or female--ever forced or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Forced_Sexual_Activity_Age_FirstHappened | ||||
| PX181401130100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Forced_Sexual_Activity_Age_LastHappened | ||||
| PX181401130500 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Forced_Sexual_Activity_IntenseFear | ||||
| PX181401130300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Forced_Sexual_Activity_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401130600 | Has anyone else--male or female--ever forced more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Forced_Sexual_Activity_SeriousInjury | ||||
| PX181401130200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Forced_Sexual_Activity_Times | ||||
| PX181401130400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Kidnapped | ||||
| PX181401280000 | Have you ever been kidnapped or held captive? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Kidnapped_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401280100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Kidnapped_How_Long | ||||
| PX181401280200 | How long were you held or not allowed to leave? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Kidnapped_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401280400 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Kidnapped_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401280500 | Was there any other time when you were more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Kidnapped_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401280300 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Murdered | ||||
| PX181401160000 | Have you ever had an immediate family more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Murdered_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401160100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Murdered_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401160300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Murdered_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401160400 | Was anyone else who was an immediate family more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Murdered_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401160200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Suicide | ||||
| PX181401180000 | Have you ever had an immediate family more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Suicide_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401180100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Suicide_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401180300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Suicide_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401180400 | Did anyone else who was an immediate family more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_KnownSomeone_Suicide_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401180200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Lived_WarZone | ||||
| PX181401040000 | Have you ever lived in a war zone? (For more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Lived_WarZone_Age | ||||
| PX181401040100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Lived_WarZone_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401040300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Lived_WarZone_Other_Time | ||||
| PX181401040400 | Was there another time that you lived in a more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Lived_WarZone_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401040200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Manmade_Disaster | ||||
| PX181401020000 | Have you ever been involved in a man-made more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Manmade_Disaster_Age | ||||
| PX181401020100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Manmade_Disaster_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401020300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Manmade_Disaster_Other_Time | ||||
| PX181401020400 | Was there another time where you were more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Manmade_Disaster_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401020200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Natural_Disaster | ||||
| PX181401010000 | Have you ever been involved in a natural more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Natural_Disaster_Age | ||||
| PX181401010100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Natural_Disaster_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401010300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Natural_Disaster_Other_Time | ||||
| PX181401010400 | Was there another time you were involved in more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Natural_Disaster_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401010200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_OtherPerson_PhysicallyHarmed | ||||
| PX181401200000 | Have you ever seen or been present when more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_OtherPerson_PhysicallyHarmed_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401200100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_OtherPerson_PhysicallyHarmed_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401200300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_OtherPerson_PhysicallyHarmed_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401200400 | Was there any other time when you saw or more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_OtherPerson_PhysicallyHarmed_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401200200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Other_Situations | ||||
| PX181401300000 | Have you ever been in any other situation in more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Other_Situations2 | ||||
| PX181401300300 | Was there any other situation in which you more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Other_Situations_Age | ||||
| PX181401300200 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Other_Situations_Specify | ||||
| PX181401300100 | Have you ever been in any other situation in more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_PhysicallyAbused_Before12 | ||||
| PX181401120000 | When you were a child- that is, when you more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_PhysicallyAbused_Before12_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401120100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_PhysicallyAbused_Before12_Age_Last_Happened | ||||
| PX181401120500 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_PhysicallyAbused_Before12_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401120300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_PhysicallyAbused_Before12_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401120600 | During your childhood--has anyone else more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_PhysicallyAbused_Before12_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401120200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_PhysicallyAbused_Before12_Times | ||||
| PX181401120400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed | ||||
| PX181401070000 | Have you ever been shot at, stabbed, struck, more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401070100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Age_Last_Time | ||||
| PX181401070500 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Before12 | ||||
| PX181401110000 | When you were a child--that is, when you more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Before12_Afraid_MightDie | ||||
| PX181401110200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Before12_Age_FirstHappened | ||||
| PX181401110100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Before12_Age_LastHappened | ||||
| PX181401110500 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Before12_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401110300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Before12_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401110600 | During your childhood-were you struck, more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Before12_Times | ||||
| PX181401110400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401070300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Other_Time | ||||
| PX181401070600 | Has anyone else ever shot at, stabbed, more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401070200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Physically_Harmed_Times | ||||
| PX181401070400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Private_Parts | ||||
| PX181401150000 | Other than what we just talked about, has more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Private_Parts_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401150100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Private_Parts_Age_Last_Happened | ||||
| PX181401150600 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Private_Parts_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401150300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Private_Parts_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401150700 | Has anyone else ever actually touched more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Private_Parts_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401150200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Private_Parts_Times | ||||
| PX181401150400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Serious_Accident | ||||
| PX181401050000 | Have you ever had a serious accident at more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Serious_Accident_Age | ||||
| PX181401050100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Serious_Accident_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401050300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Serious_Accident_Other_Time | ||||
| PX181401050400 | Was there another time you had a serious more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Serious_Accident_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401050200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Stalked | ||||
| PX181401290000 | Have you ever been stalked by anyone? For more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Stalked_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401290100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Stalked_Age_Last_Happened | ||||
| PX181401290400 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Stalked_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401290300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Stalked_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401290500 | Has anyone else stalked you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Stalked_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401290200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_Property | ||||
| PX181401230000 | Has anyone ever stolen something from you by more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_Property_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401230100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_Property_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401230300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_Property_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401230400 | Has anyone else ever stolen something from more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_Property_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401230200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_WithoutThreat_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401270100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_WithoutThreat_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401270200 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_WithoutThreat_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401270300 | Has anyone else stolen something directly more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Stolen_Without_Threat | ||||
| PX181401270000 | Has anyone ever stolen something directly more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Threatened | ||||
| PX181401080000 | Have you ever been threatened with any kind more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401080100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Age_Last_Happened | ||||
| PX181401080500 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Confrontation | ||||
| PX181401090000 | Has anyone ever threatened you in a more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Confrontation_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401090100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Confrontation_Age_Last_Happened | ||||
| PX181401090500 | How old were you the last time this person more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Confrontation_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401090300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Confrontation_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401090600 | Has anyone else threatened you in a more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Confrontation_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401090200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Confrontation_Times | ||||
| PX181401090400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401080300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401080600 | Has anyone else threatened you with any kind more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401080200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Threatened_Times | ||||
| PX181401080400 | How many times did this person do this to you? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Tried_ToSteal_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401240100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Tried_ToSteal_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401240300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Tried_ToSteal_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401240400 | Has anyone else ever tried to--but not more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Tried_ToSteal_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401240200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Tried_To_Steal | ||||
| PX181401240000 | Has anyone ever tried to--but not more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Witnessed_SexualAttack | ||||
| PX181401210000 | Have you ever seen or been present when more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Witnessed_SexualAttack_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401210100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Witnessed_SexualAttack_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401210300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Witnessed_SexualAttack_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401210400 | Was there any other time when you saw or more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Witnessed_SexualAttack_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401210200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Witness_Murder | ||||
| PX181401170000 | Have you ever seen or been present when more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Witness_Murder_Age_First_Happened | ||||
| PX181401170100 | How old were you the first time it happened? | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Witness_Murder_Intense_Fear | ||||
| PX181401170300 | Did you feel intense fear, helplessness, or more | Variable Mapping | ||
| PX181401_Witness_Murder_Other_Times | ||||
| PX181401170400 | Was there any other time when you saw or more | N/A | ||
| PX181401_Witness_Murder_Serious_Injury | ||||
| PX181401170200 | Were you in danger of death or serious injury? | N/A | ||
Measure Name
Exposures to Violence, Trauma, and Victimization
Release Date
December 13, 2010
Definition
This measure asks about the respondent’s history of violent, traumatic and victimization events.
Purpose
Traumatic and victimization events are major stressors that can adversely affect a child or adult’s physical and mental health. The type of event, age when it occurred, and frequency are important in assessing impact. If a person experiences more than one event or more than one type of event, the results may be cumulative.
Keywords
Psychosocial, violence, victimization, trauma, sexual abuse, physical abuse
Measure Protocols
| Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
|---|---|
| 181401 | Exposures to Violence, Trauma, and Victimization - Adult |
| 181402 | Exposures to Violence, Trauma, and Victimization - Child |
Publications
There are no publications listed for this protocol.