Protocol - Hip Circumference - Hip Circumference
- Ethnicity and Race
- Height - Knee Height
- Waist Circumference - Framingham Heart Study
- Waist Circumference - Waist Circumference NCFS
Description
Measurement of the hip girth at the level of the maximum protrusion of the buttocks.
Specific Instructions
The following protocol was taken from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III).The measurement is recorded to the nearest 0.1 cm.
The Expert Review Panel (ERP) recommends that researchers view the NHANES III video for anthropometric measures. The video includes a measure called Buttocks Circumference that is also hip circumference: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myaB4eZDBBc&t=100s.
Notes from ERP:
The notion of recommending replicate measurements comes from the reduction in random errors of measurement and accompanying improved measurement reliability when the mean of multiple measurements is used rather than a single measurement. This improvement in measurement reliability, however, depends on the reliability of a single measurement in the hands of the data collectors in a particular study (Himes, 1989). For example, if a measure like recumbent length in a given study has a measurement reliability of 0.95 (expressed as an intraclass correlation coefficient), taking a second measurement and using the mean of the two in analyses will only improve the reliability to 0.97, yielding only a 2% reduction in error variance for the additional effort. If, in the same study, the reliability of a single triceps skinfold measurement was 0.85, using the mean (including a replicate measurement) would raise the reliability to 0.92 and yield a 7% reduction in error variance, a more than three-fold improvement compared with recumbent length. The intraclass correlation coefficient is specifically recommended here for assessing reliability because it takes account of both random and systematic errors of measurement, whereas the interclass correlation (e.g., Pearson correlation) takes account of only random errors of measurement.
Because the benefits of taking replicate measurements are so closely linked with the existing measurement reliability, it is recommended that as a part of the training of those who will be collecting anthropometry data, a reliability study be conducted that will yield measurement reliability estimates for the data collectors, protocols, settings, and participants involved in that particular study (Himes, 1989). If the measurement reliability for a single measurement is ≥ 0.95, the recommendation is that replicate measurements are not necessary and will yield little practical benefit. If the measurement reliability is < 0.95, the recommendation is to include replicate measurements as prescribed.
If replicate measurements are indicated because of relatively low reliability, a second measurement should be taken, including repositioning the participant. A third measurement should be taken if the first two measurements differ by > 0.5 cm. If it is necessary to take a third measurement, the two closest measurements are averaged. Should the third measurement fall equally between the first two measurements, all three should be averaged.
Availability
Protocol
Hip (Buttocks) Circumference
The last circumference measure consists of the hip or buttocks circumference. Exam staff will collect the hip circumference on participants aged 12 years and older. Follow the procedures below to obtain this measure:
- Position the SP. If you have not done so already, instruct the SP to gather the shirt gown above the waist and clip it on the front so it will not interfere with the measurements. Instruct the participant to cross his or her arms and place his or her hands on opposite shoulders. Demonstrate the desired position of the arms. It may help to tell SPs to think of giving themselves a hug. If necessary, ask the SP to raise the waistband of his or her pants to smooth out any gathers.
- Take the Measurement. The recorder stands in from of the SP and gathers the side seams of the exam pants and makes a fold. The recorder holds the folded sides of the pants snugly; this minimizes the amount of material included in the measurement and helps to define the maximum protuberance of the buttocks when viewed in profile. The examiner squats on the right side of the SP and positions the tape in a horizontal plane (Exhibit 1). Use the wall mirror to ensure the horizontal alignment of the tape. While the examiner remains on the SP’s right side, the recorder will release the folds and come around to the SP’s left side to check the placement of the tape. Check that the tape sits parallel to the floor and lies snug. Always position the zero end of the tape below the section containing the measurement value. Take the measurement to the nearest 0.1 cm at the end of the SP’s normal expiration. Record the Result. Call the result to the recorder, who will enter this number on the ISIS screen.
Exhibit 1. Measuring tape position for hip (buttocks) circumference
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Personnel and Training Required
None
Equipment Needs
None
Requirements
Requirement Category | Required |
---|---|
Major equipment | No |
Specialized training | No |
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | No |
Mode of Administration
Physical Examination
Lifestage
Toddler, Child, Adolescent, Adult, Senior
Participants
2 years of age and older
Selection Rationale
The NHANES 2021-2023 Anthropometry protocol was selected as the best practice methodology and most widely used protocol to assess hip circumference.
Language
Chinese, English, Spanish
While the English version of this protocol has been updated, the available translations have not and reflect a previous version. These differences may impact the compatibility between the English and Spanish/Chinese versions. It is the responsibility of the investigator to determine if the translations are sufficiently compatible with the English version for their research and subsequent analysis.
Standards
Standard | Name | ID | Source |
---|
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
The PhenX Steering Committee (SC) reviewed this protocol in October 2023. Guidance from the SC includes:
- Updated protocol
Protocol Name from Source
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), Anthropometry Procedures Manual, 2021-2023
Source
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2021-2023. Anthropometry Procedures Manual (Section 3.4.9 – Hip (Buttocks) Circumference). Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
General References
Himes, J. H. (1989). Reliability of anthropometric methods and replicate measurements. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 79(1), 77-80.
Protocol ID
20803
Variables
Export VariablesVariable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping | |
---|---|---|---|---|
PX020803_Hip_Circumference_Hip_Circumference_Total | ||||
PX020803010000 | Enter the hip circumference of the more | N/A |
Measure Name
Hip Circumference
Release Date
September 16, 2024
Definition
Hip circumference is the measurement of the circumference of the hips at the level of the maximum extension of the buttocks.
Purpose
The most common use of hip circumference is to calculate the waist-to-hip ratio. Waist-to-hip ratio has been associated with risk of a number of chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes.
Keywords
Anthropometrics, metabolic syndrome, Waist-To-Hip Ratio, WHR, NHANES
Measure Protocols
Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
---|---|
20803 | Hip Circumference - Hip Circumference |
Publications
There are no publications listed for this protocol.