Protocol - Disparate Health Care Quality
Description
A protocol to examine the perception of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination in clinical encounters and experience
Specific Instructions
Not applicable
Availability
Protocol
Was there ever a time when you would have gotten better medical care if you had belonged to a different race or ethnic group?
01[ ]YES
02[ ]NO
-7[ ]REFUSED
-8[ ]DON'T KNOW
Personnel and Training Required
The interviewer must be trained to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population. The interviewer must be trained and found to be competent (i.e., tested by an expert) at the completion of personal interviews. The interviewer should be trained to prompt respondents further if a “don’t know” response is provided.
Equipment Needs
The PhenX Working Group acknowledges that these questions can be administered in a computerized or noncomputerized format (i.e., paper-and-pencil instrument). Computer software is necessary to develop computer-assisted instruments. The interviewer will require a laptop computer or handheld computer to administer a computer-assisted questionnaire.
Requirements
| Requirement Category | Required |
|---|---|
| Major equipment | No |
| Specialized training | No |
| Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
| Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | No |
Mode of Administration
Interviewer-administered questionnaire
Lifestage
Adult
Participants
Adults aged 18 or older
Selection Rationale
The California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) question allows a binary measurement of perceived discrimination that can be aggregated at a community level to determine whether there are different levels of perceived health care discrimination across racial groups.
Language
Chinese, English, Spanish, Other languages available at source
Standards
| Standard | Name | ID | Source |
|---|
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
Not applicable
Protocol Name from Source
California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), 2017
Source
UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. (2019, October 2). California Health Interview Survey: CHIS 2017 Adult Questionnaire, question QA17_DM1 [DMC8] (version 2.20). Los Angeles, CA.
General References
Abramson, C. M., Hashemi, M., & Sánchez-Jankowski, M. (2015). Perceived discrimination in U.S. healthcare: Charting the effects of key social characteristics within and across racial groups. Preventive Medicine Reports, 2, 615–621.
Institute of Medicine (IOM). (2011). The future of nursing: Leading change, advancing health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Schulson, L. B., Paasche-Orlow, M. K., Xuan, Z., & Fernandez, A. (2019). Changes in perceptions of discrimination in health care in California, 2003 to 2017. JAMA Network Open, 2(7), e196665.
Protocol ID
280101
Variables
Export Variables| Variable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PX280101_Perceived_Discrimination_Health_Care_Medical_Care_Different_Race | ||||
| PX280101010000 | Was there ever a time when you would have more | N/A | ||
Measure Name
Disparate Health Care Quality
Release Date
May 11, 2020
Definition
Disparate health care quality is defined as differences in the process and quality of health care between two groups with equal access to care yet different social standing that cannot be explained by patient preferences, appropriateness, or clinical need.
Purpose
By recognizing the underlying causes of socially based disparities in health care process and health care outcomes, actions can be taken to reduce the disparities.
Keywords
California Health Interview Survey, CHIS, health care, Health Disparities, Perceived Discrimination, Access to Health Care
Measure Protocols
| Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
|---|---|
| 280101 | Disparate Health Care Quality |
Publications
Burnett-Bowie, S. A. M., et al. (2024) The American Society for Bone and Mineral Research Task Force on clinical algorithms for fracture risk report. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2024 May; 39(5): 517-530. doi: 10.1093/jbmr/zjae048
Bartholomew, T. S., et al. (2024) Project CHARIOT: study protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study of comprehensive tele-harm reduction for engagement of people who inject drugs in HIV prevention services Addiction Science & Clinical Practice. 2024 March; 19(1). doi: 10.1186/s13722-024-00447-9
Chan, N. W., et al. (2022) Social determinants of health data in solid organ transplantation: National data sources and future directions. Am J Transplant. 2022 October; 22(10): 2293-2301. doi: 10.1111/ajt.17096