Protocol - Multi-dimensional Assessment of Antipsychotic Medication Side Effects
Description
The Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale (GASS) is a 22-item, self-administered checklist that captures a patient’s viewpoint about suffering from excessive side effects from the antipsychotic medication. Questions 1-20 relate to the previous week and questions 21-22 to the last three months. For questions 1-20, "never" = 0 points, "once" = 1 points, "a few times" = 2 points, and "everyday" = 3 points. For questions 21- 22, "yes" = 3 points and "no" = 0 points. All items are added together to give a total score and higher scores reflect more frequent experience of side effects.
Specific Instructions
The Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale (GASS) should be completed in proximity to another mental health professional or person to discuss any questions or issues.
Availability
Protocol
Glasgow Antipsychotic Side‐effect Scale (GASS)
| Name: | ______________________________________ |
| Age: | ______________________________________ |
| Sex: | M / F |
| Please list current medication and total daily doses below: | ______________________________________ |
Please list current medication and total daily doses below:
This questionnaire is about how you have been recently. It is being used to determine if you are suffering from excessive side effects from your antipsychotic medication.
Please place a tick in the column which best indicates the degree to which you have experienced the following side effects. Tick the end box if you found that the side effect distressed you.
| Over the past week: | Never | Once | A few times | Everyday | Tick this box if distressing |
| 1. I felt sleepy during the day | |||||
| 2. I felt drugged or like a zombie | |||||
| 3. I felt dizzy when I stood up and/or have fainted | |||||
| 4. I have felt my heart beating irregularly or unusually fast | |||||
| 5. My muscles have been tense or jerky | |||||
| 6. My hands or arms have been shaky | |||||
| 7. My legs have felt restless and/or I couldn’t sit still | |||||
| 8. I have been drooling | |||||
| 9. My movements or walking have been slower than usual | |||||
| 10. I have had, or people have noticed uncontrollable movements of my face or body | |||||
| 11. My vision has been blurry | |||||
| 12. My mouth has been dry | |||||
| 13. I have had difficulty passing urine | |||||
| 14. I have felt like I am going to be sick or have vomited | |||||
| 15. I have wet the bed | |||||
| 16. I have been very thirsty and/or passing urine frequently | |||||
| 17. The areas around my nipples have been sore and swollen | |||||
| 18. I have noticed fluid coming from my nipples | |||||
| 19. I have had problems enjoying sex | |||||
| 20. Men only: I have had problems getting an erection |
| Tick yes or no for the following questions about the last three months | No | Yes | Tick this box if distressing |
| 21. Women only: I have noticed a change in my periods | |||
| 22. Men and women: I have been gaining weight |
© 2007 Waddell & Taylor
Scoring
For questions 1-20 award 1 point for the answer "once," 2 points for the answer "a few times," and 3 points for the answer "everyday."
Please note zero points are awarded for an answer of "never."
For questions 21 and 22, award 3 points for a "yes" answer and 0 points for a "no." Total for all questions =
For male and female patients a total score of:
• 0-12 = absent/mild side effects
• 13-26 = moderate side effects
• over 26 = severe side effects
Side effects covered by questions
• 1-2 sedation and CNS side effects
• 3-4 cardiovascular side effects
• 5-10 extra‐pyramidal side effects
• 11-13 anticholinergic side effects
• 14 gastro‐intestinal side effects
• 15 genitourinary side effects
• 16 screening for diabetes mellitus
• 17-21 prolactinaemic side effects
• 22 weight gain
The column relating to the distress experienced with a particular side effect is not scored but is intended to inform the clinician of the service user’s views and condition.
Personnel and Training Required
None
Equipment Needs
None
Requirements
| Requirement Category | Required |
|---|---|
| Major equipment | No |
| Specialized training | No |
| Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
| Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | No |
Mode of Administration
Self-administered questionnaire
Lifestage
Adult
Participants
Adults, ages 18 years and older
Selection Rationale
Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale (GASS) is a valid, reliable tool that could aid systematic clinical assessment, particularly in view of its brevity and user-friendly language. GASS is suitable for busy clinical environments and as part of routine clinical monitoring.
Language
English
Standards
| Standard | Name | ID | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human Phenotype Ontology | Psychosis | HP:0000709 | HPO |
| caDSR Form | PhenX PX661701 - Multidimensional Assessment Of Antipsychotic Medication | 6891374 | caDSR Form |
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
Not applicable.
Protocol Name from Source
Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale (GASS)
Source
Waddell, L., & Taylor, M. (2008). A new self-rating scale for detecting atypical or second-generation antipsychotic side effects. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 22(3), 238-243.
General References
Day, J. C., Wood, G., Dewey, M., & Bentall, R. P. (1995). A self-rating scale for measuring neuroleptic side-effects. Validation in a group of schizophrenic patients. British Journal of Psychiatry, 166, 650-653.
Lambert, M., Conus, P., Eide, P., Mass, R., Karow, A., Moritz, S., Golks, D., & Naber, D. (2004). Impact of present and past antipsychotic side effects on attitude toward typical antipsychotic treatment and adherence. European Psychiatry, 19, 415-422.
Protocol ID
661701
Variables
Export Variables| Variable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Age | ||||
| PX661701020000 | What is your age? | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Bed_Wetting | ||||
| PX661701190000 | I have wet the bed | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Blurry_Vision | ||||
| PX661701150000 | My vision has been blurry | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Difficulty_Urinating | ||||
| PX661701170000 | I have had difficulty passing urine | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Dizziness | ||||
| PX661701070000 | I felt dizzy when I stood up and/or have fainted | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Drooling | ||||
| PX661701120000 | I have been drooling | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Drugged | ||||
| PX661701060000 | I felt drugged or like a zombie | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Dry_Mouth | ||||
| PX661701160000 | My mouth has been dry | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Erection_Problems | ||||
| PX661701240000 | Men only: I have had problems getting an erection | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Heart_Irregularities | ||||
| PX661701080000 | I have felt my heart beating irregularly or more | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Medications | ||||
| PX661701040000 | Please list current medication and total more | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Menstrual_Cycle | ||||
| PX661701250000 | Women only: I have noticed a change in my periods | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Muscle_Tense | ||||
| PX661701090000 | My muscles have been tense or jerky | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Name | ||||
| PX661701010000 | What is your name? | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Nausea | ||||
| PX661701180000 | I have felt like I am going to be sick or more | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Nipple_Fluid | ||||
| PX661701220000 | I have noticed fluid coming from my nipples | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Restless_Legs | ||||
| PX661701110000 | My legs have felt restless and/or I couldn't more | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Sensitive_Nipples | ||||
| PX661701210000 | The areas around my nipples have been sore more | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Sex | ||||
| PX661701030000 | What is your sex? | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Sexual_Problems | ||||
| PX661701230000 | I have had problems enjoying sex | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Shaky_Hands | ||||
| PX661701100000 | My hands or arms have been shaky | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Sleepiness | ||||
| PX661701050000 | I felt sleepy during the day | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Slow_Movement | ||||
| PX661701130000 | My movements or walking have been slower more | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Thirsty | ||||
| PX661701200000 | I have been very thirsty and/or passing more | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Uncontrollable_Movement | ||||
| PX661701140000 | I have had, or people have noticed more | N/A | ||
| PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Weight_Gain | ||||
| PX661701260000 | Men and women: I have been gaining weight | N/A | ||
Measure Name
Multi-dimensional Assessment of Antipsychotic Medication Side Effects
Release Date
January 17, 2017
Definition
A questionnaire to assess the suffering side effects from antipsychotic medication
Purpose
This measure assesses a patient’s wellbeing recently and determine if the patient is suffering from excessive side effects from antipsychotic medication.
Keywords
early psychosis, psychosis, antipsychotic medication side effects, Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale, GASS, side effect
Measure Protocols
| Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
|---|---|
| 661701 | Multi-dimensional Assessment of Antipsychotic Medication Side Effects |
Publications
There are no publications listed for this protocol.