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Protocol - Trust in the Medical Professional - Adult

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Description

Three 5-item scales used to assess a patient's trust in an individual physician, medical professional, and/or health insurer. Response choices (coding) are Strongly Agree (5), Agree (4), Neutral (3), Disagree (2), Strongly Disagree (1). Responses are summed (range 5-25), with higher scores indicating more trust. Negatively worded items are reverse coded prior to summing the score.

Specific Instructions

The Psychosocial and SDoH Working Group recognizes that these instruments were not developed using inclusive language. The WG recognizes that investigators may want to implement the protocols with appropriate language, but caution that changes should not otherwise alter the items.

It is important to record the name of the individual physician or practice, medical professional, health insurer, or medical team. The measure does not include a specific time frame, but it may be beneficial (depending on the research question).

The Trust in the Medical Professional scale is for academic and nonprofit purposes only. For documentation and instructions, contact bioethics@wfu.edu. If your intention is to use the protocol in a for-profit or commercial environment, please contact bioethics@wfu.edu to request permission and obtain licensing information before use. Also, a license is required for any research that is subject to 3rd-party rights (e.g., industry-sponsored research that grants rights to the sponsor). For permitted uses, you may make minor adaptations of the phrasing to fit particular circumstances or modes of survey administration. Otherwise, you may not translate or substantially modify the tool without additional permission. If a derivative work is created based on the scale, the work will be owned by Wake Forest University.

Availability

Available

Protocol

Wake Forest Trust in the Medical Professional

1

2

3

4

5

Strongly Disagree

Disagree

Neutral

Agree

Strongly Agree

Patient Trust in a Physician

No.

Item

Participant Responses

1

Sometimes Dr. [INSERT NAME OF DR.] cares more about what is convenient for (him/her) than about your medical needs.

1

2

3

4

5

2

Dr. [INSERT NAME OF DR.] is extremely thorough and careful

1

2

3

4

5

3

You completely trust Dr. [INSERT NAME OF DR.]’s decisions about which medical treatments are best for you.

1

2

3

4

5

4

Dr. [INSERT NAME OF DR.] is totally honest in telling you about all of the different treatment options available for your condition.

1

2

3

4

5

5

All in all, you have complete trust in Dr. [INSERT NAME OF DR.].

1

2

3

4

5

Patient Trust in the Medical Profession

No.

Item

Participant Responses

1

Sometimes doctors care more about what is convenient for them than about their patients’ medical needs.

1

2

3

4

5

2

Doctors are extremely thorough and careful.

1

2

3

4

5

3

You completely trust doctors’ decisions about which medical treatments are best.

1

2

3

4

5

4

A doctor would never mislead you about anything.

1

2

3

4

5

5

All in all, you trust doctors completely.

1

2

3

4

5

Patient Trust in a Health Insurer

No.

Item

Participant Responses

1

[INSERT NAME OF HEALTH INSURER] Cares more about saving money than about getting you the treatment you need.

1

2

3

4

5

2

You feel like you need to double check everything [INSERT NAME OF HEALTH INSURER] does.

1

2

3

4

5

3

You believe [INSERT NAME OF HEALTH INSURER] will pay for everything it is supposed to, even really expensive treatments.

1

2

3

4

5

4

If you have a question, you think [INSERT NAME OF HEALTH INSURER] will give you a straight answer.

1

2

3

4

5

5

All in all, you have complete trust in [INSERT INSURERS NAME].

1

2

3

4

5

Responses are summed (range 5-25) with higher scores indicating more trust. Negatively worded items are reverse coded (these are: #1 in the first and second scales, and #1 and #2 in the third scale).

Personnel and Training Required

The interviewer must be trained to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population. The interviewer must be trained and found to be competent (i.e., tested by an expert) at the completion of personal interviews. The interviewer should be trained to prompt respondents further if a “don’t know” response is provided.

Equipment Needs

None

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Interviewer-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adult, Senior

Participants

Adults, ages 18 and older

Selection Rationale

The Wake Forest Trust in the Medical Profession set of surveys are low burden and measure trust in a variety of contexts. These surveys have previously been used in sickle cell disease research.

Language

English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Derived Variables

Not applicable

Process and Review

Not Applicable

Protocol Name from Source

Wake Forest Trust in the Medical Professional

Source

Dugan, E., Trachtenberg, F., & Hall, M. A. (2005). Development of abbreviated measures to assess patient trust in a physician, a health insurer, and the medical profession. BMC Health Services Research, 5, 64. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-5-64

General References

Hall, M. A., Camacho, F., Lawlor, J. S., Depuy, V., Sugarman, J., & Weinfurt, K. (2006). Measuring trust in medical researchers. Medical Care, 44(11), 1048-1053. doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000228023.37087.cb

Haywood, C., Jr., Lanzkron, S., Ratanawongsa, N., Bediako, S. M., Lattimer, L., Powe, N. R., & Beach, M. C. (2010). The association of provider communication with trust among adults with sickle cell disease. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 25(6), 543-548. doi:10.1007/s11606-009-1247-7

Mainous, A. G., 3rd, Smith, D. W., Geesey, M. E., & Tilley, B. C. (2006). Development of a measure to assess patient trust in medical researchers. Annals of Family Medicine, 4(3), 247-252. doi:10.1370/afm.541

Schultz, C. L., Tchume-Johnson, T., Schapira, M. M., Bellamy, S., Smith-Whitley, K., & Ellison, A. (2015). Adherence to prompt fever evaluation in children with sickle cell disease and the health belief model. Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 62(11), 1968-1973. doi:10.1002/pbc.25634

Protocol ID

871001

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Believe_Insurer_Pay_Everything_Supposed_Expensive_Treatments
PX871001130000 "Patient Trust in a Health Insurer: You more
believe [INSERT NAME OF HEALTH INSURER] will pay for everything it is supposed to, even really expensive treatments." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Completely_Doctors_Decision_About_Which_Treatment_Best
PX871001080000 "Patient Trust in the Medical Profession: more
You completely trust doctors' decisions about which medical treatments are best." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Doctors_Extremely_Thorough_Careful
PX871001070000 "Patient Trust in the Medical Profession: more
Doctors are extremely thorough and careful." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Doctor_Never_Misled_About_Anything
PX871001090000 "Patient Trust in the Medical Profession: A more
doctor would never mislead you about anything." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Double_Check_Everything_Insurer_Does
PX871001120000 "Patient Trust in a Health Insurer: You feel more
like you need to double check everything [INSERT NAME OF HEALTH INSURER] does." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Dr_Cares_Convenient_Medical_Needs
PX871001010000 "Patient Trust in a Physician: Sometimes Dr. more
[INSERT NAME OF DR.] cares more about what is convenient for (him/her) than about your medical needs." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Dr_Completely_Decisions_Which_Treatments_Best
PX871001030000 "Patient Trust in a Physician: You more
completely trust Dr. [INSERT NAME OF DR.]'s decisions about which medical treatments are best for you." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Dr_Extremely_Thorough_Careful
PX871001020000 "Patient Trust in a Physician: Dr. [INSERT more
NAME OF DR.] is extremely thorough and careful" show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Dr_Honest_Telling_About_Different_Treatment_Options_Available_Condition
PX871001040000 "Patient Trust in a Physician: Dr. [INSERT more
NAME OF DR.] is totally honest in telling you about all of the different treatment options available for your condition." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Have_Complete_Trust_Dr
PX871001050000 "Patient Trust in a Physician: All in all, more
you have complete trust in Dr. [INSERT NAME OF DR.]." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Have_Complete_Trust_Insurer
PX871001150000 "Patient Trust in a Health Insurer: All in more
all, you have complete trust in [INSERT INSURER'S NAME]." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Insurer_Care_More_Saving_Money_Getting_Treatment
PX871001110000 "Patient Trust in a Health Insurer: [INSERT more
NAME OF HEALTH INSURER] Cares more about saving money than about getting you the treatment you need." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Questions_Think_Insurer_Give_Straight_Answer
PX871001140000 "Patient Trust in a Health Insurer: If you more
have a question, you think [INSERT NAME OF HEALTH INSURER] will give you a straight answer." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Sometimes_Doctors_Care_More_About_Convenient_Them_Patients_Medical_Needs
PX871001060000 "Patient Trust in the Medical Profession: more
Sometimes doctors care more about what is convenient for them than about their patients' medical needs." show less
N/A
PX871001_Trust_Medical_Care_Trust_Doctors_Completely
PX871001100000 "Patient Trust in the Medical Profession: more
All in all, you trust doctors completely." show less
N/A
SCD Psychosocial and Social Determinants of Health
Measure Name

Trust in Medical Care

Release Date

February 6, 2023

Definition

Measures trust in an individual physician, in the medical profession in general, and in a patient’s health insurer.

Purpose

To facilitate research regarding patient-provider relationships. Decreased trust of providers is associated with hindered patient-provider relationships and with lower adherence to provider recommendations and also is a contributor to health disparities.

Keywords

medical care, clinical care

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
871001 Trust in the Medical Professional - Adult
Publications

There are no publications listed for this protocol.