Protocol - Motor and Attentional Impulsivity (Immediate and Delayed Memory Task)

Description

The Immediate and Delayed Memory Task (IMT/DMT) is a computer-based test where participants selectively and rapidly respond to a series of visual stimuli. The Immediate and Delayed Memory Task tracks both commission errors (motor impulsivity), which are responses to incorrect stimuli, and omission errors (attentional impulsivity), which are nonresponses to correct stimuli.

For more information about the Immediate Memory Task, please refer to its entry in the Cognitive Atlas http://www.cognitiveatlas.org/task/immediate_memory_task

For more information about the Delayed Memory Task, please refer to its entry in the Cognitive Atlas [http://www.cognitiveatlas.org/task/delayed_memory_task

Specific Instructions

This Task is proprietary and can be obtained by submitting the software request form found on the "Development of Software" page of the Neurobehavioral Research Laboratory and Clinic website (University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio).

Availability

Limited Availability

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Protocol

Summary of the Immediate and Delayed Memory Task (IMT/DMT)

In the Immediate Memory Task, a series of randomly generated numbers (the default is 5-digit numbers (e.g., 38391)), appear on a computer monitor one at a time for 500 milliseconds (msec) each with a 500 msec delay between numbers. The participant is instructed to respond when two identical numbers are presented in sequence. The three main types of stimuli are target, filler, and catch stimuli. A target stimulus is a 5-digit number that is identical to the preceding number. Responses to target stimuli are recorded as correct detections. A catch stimulus is a number that differs from the preceding number by only one digit (position and value determined randomly). Responses to catch stimuli are recorded as commission errors. A filler stimulus is a random 5-digit number that appears whenever a target or catch trial is not scheduled to appear. Responses to filler stimuli are recorded as filler errors.

The Delayed Memory Task adds a series of distracter numbers ("12345" by default) between each stimulus to be compared to the previous in the series. Participants are instructed to ignore these distracter sequences, but the presentation of these sequences increases the length of time between two target stimuli and evokes a greater working-memory component to the task, similar to the N-back task.

The experimenter can set the software to collect either the IMT or the DMT or both (default), in a contiguous task session. The experimenter can also set the duration of the stimulus presentation and the intervals between stimuli, as well as the complexity of stimuli (number of digits) to yield optimal sensitivity for individual differences in different populations.

Scoring

The IMT/DMT software generates a summary report for each session that includes: 1) rates of correct detections (and therefore rates of omission errors) 2) rates of commission error responses to catch stimuli, 3) rates of filler errors, 4) parametric and non-parametric indices or stimulus discriminability, and 5) parametric and non-parametric indices of response bias (i.e. liberal or conservative response behavior). A higher number of commission errors indicates an impulsive pattern of responding.

This program can be found at www.nrlc-group.net/software/software.php

Personnel and Training Required

The Immediate Memory Task can be administered by research assistants trained in the ethical and competent use of psychological tests.

Equipment Needs

The Immediate Memory Task can be installed on computers running Windows 2000/XP.

Requirements

Requirement Category	Required
Major equipment	No
Specialized training	No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection	No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual	No

Mode of Administration

Self-administered evaluation

Lifestage

Adolescent, Adult

Participants

Adolescents and adults aged 13 years or older

Selection Rationale

The Immediate and Delayed Memory Task is a widely used and validated, version of the continuous performance test for response inhibition, sustained attention, and working memory.

Language

English

Standards

Standard	Name	ID	Source
Human Phenotype Ontology	Cognitive impairment	HP:0100543	HPO
Human Phenotype Ontology	Addictive behavior	HP:0030858	HPO
Human Phenotype Ontology	Impulsivity	HP:0100710	HPO
Human Phenotype Ontology	Disinhibition	HP:0000734	HPO
Human Phenotype Ontology	Short attention span	HP:0000736	HPO
caDSR Form	PhenX PX530602 - Motor And Attentional Impulsivity Immediate And Delayed	6873516	caDSR Form

Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

The Expert Review Panel #3 (ERP 3) reviewed the measures in Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Substances, and Substance Abuse and Addiction domains.

Guidance from ERP 3 includes:

• Changed name of Measure

• Updated protocol

• New Data Dictionary

Back-compatible: Partially back-compatible (updated/similar protocol which would require some changes to the data dictionary), variable mapping between current and previous protocols can be found here.

Previous version in Toolkit archive (link)

Protocol Name from Source

Immediate and Delayed Memory Task (IMT/DMT)

Source

This Task is proprietary. Investigators can obtain the Immediate Memory Task by submitting the software request form found on the "Development of Software" page of the Neurobehavioral Research Laboratory and Clinic website (University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio).

General References

Dougherty, D. M., Bjork, J. M., Harper, R. A., Mathias, C. W., Moeller, F. G., & Marsh, D. M. (2003). Validation of the Immediate and Delayed Memory Tasks in hospitalized adolescents with disruptive behavior disorders. Psychological Record, 53, 509-532.

Dougherty, D. M., & Marsh, D. M. (2003). Immediate and Delayed Memory Tasks (IMT/DMT 2.0): A research tool for studying attention, memory, and impulsive behavior. Houston, TX: Neurobehavioral Research Laboratory and Clinic, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.

Dougherty, D. M., Marsh, D. M., & Mathias, C. W. (2002). Immediate and Delayed Memory Tasks: A computerized behavioral measure of memory, attention, and impulsivity. Behavioral Research Methods: Instruments and Computers, 34, 391-398.

Liu, S., Lane, S.D., Schmitz, J.M., Waters, A.J., Cunningham, K.A., & Moeller, G.F. (2011). Relationship between attentional bias to cocaine-related stimuli and impulsivity in cocaine-dependent subjects. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 37, 117-122.

Mathias, C. W., Marsh, D. M., & Dougherty, D. M. (2002). Reliability estimates for the Immediate and Delayed Memory Tasks. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 95, 559-569.

Dougherty, D.M., Lake, S.L., Mathias, C.W., Ryan, S.R., Bray, B.C., Charles, N.E., & Acheson, A. (2015). Behavioral Impulsivity and Risk-Taking Trajectories Across Early Adolescence in Youths With and Without Family Histories of Alcohol and Other Drug Use Disorders. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 39(8), 1501-9.

Protocol ID

530602

Variables

Export Variables

Variable Name	Variable ID	Variable Description	dbGaP Mapping
PX530602_Memory_Task_Commission_Error_Rate
	PX530602030000	What is the rate of commision error more responses to catch stimuli? show less	N/A
PX530602_Memory_Task_Correct_Detections
	PX530602000000	A target stimulus is a 5-digit number that more is identical to the preceding number. Responses to target stimuli are recorded as correct detections. How many correct detections were made by the participant? show less	N/A
PX530602_Memory_Task_Correct_Detections_Rate
	PX530602020000	What is the rate of correct detections?	N/A
PX530602_Memory_Task_Filler_Errors
	PX530602010000	A filler stimulus is a random 5-digit number more that appears whenever a target or catch trial is not scheduled to appear. Responses to filler stimuli are recorded as filler errors. How many filler errors were made by the participant? show less	N/A
PX530602_Memory_Task_Filler_Errors_Rate
	PX530602040000	What is the rate of filler errors?	N/A
PX530602_Memory_Task_Response_Bias
	PX530602060000	What are the parametric and non-parametric more indices of response bias (i.e. liberal or conservative resppon show less	N/A
PX530602_Memory_Task_Stimulus_Discriminability
	PX530602050000	What are the parametric and non-parametric more indices or stimulus discriminability? show less	N/A

Substance Use-related Neurobehavioral and Cognitive Risk Factors

Measure Name

Motor and Attentional Impulsivity (Immediate and Delayed Memory Task)

Release Date

November 21, 2016

Definition

This measure requires and assesses sustained attention; it also assesses motor impulsivity as responding before complete evaluation of the stimuli.

Purpose

Failure to inhibit commission errors to non-target stimuli is a component of impulsivity and is a risk factor for substance use disorders.

Keywords

adolescent, Adult, Continuous performance task, Delayed Memory Task, Immediate Memory Task, impulsivity, Response initiation, substance abuse, substance use, Sustained attention, SAA, Substance Use-related Neurobehavioral and Cognitive Risk Factors, computer administered, proprietary

Measure Protocols

Protocol ID	Protocol Name
530602	Motor and Attentional Impulsivity (Immediate and Delayed Memory Task)

Publications

There are no publications listed for this protocol.