Protocol - State Tobacco Control Public Policies
Description
This protocol is based on extracting state legislative and Medicaid data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System, an interactive data system that houses and displays current and historical state-level data on tobacco use prevention and control laws and policies. The STATE System is designed to integrate many data sources to provide comprehensive summary data and facilitate research and consistent data interpretation.
Specific Instructions
The WG recommends that investigators consider clearly defining "tobacco products" by noting whether that definition includes or excludes certain types of related products based on these criteria: products that are intended for human consumption; made or derived from tobacco; typically contain nicotine, but sometimes do not; and are not Food and Drug Administration-approved tobacco-cessation products.
The Tobacco Regulatory Research Content Expert Panel suggests investigators consider nicotine as derived from any source, including both natural and synthetic, when administering this protocol.
Availability
Protocol
The State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System can be used to generate reports that provide state-level data on tobacco use prevention and control policies related to the following topics:
- Comprehensive smoke-free air
- Preemption of local smoke-free air laws
- Excise taxes on tobacco products
- Restrictions on minors’ access to tobacco products
- Marketing/advertising restrictions
- Policy requirements for Medicaid coverage for smoking cessation services
- Restrictions on emerging tobacco products
To obtain a custom report that displays data for a selected topic, measure, state, and year, see OSH | CDC.
Using the Detailed Report
1. Select a Topic Type.
Note: The Topic Type and Topic selections determine the options available for the Measure, State and Year fields.
2. Select a Topic.
3. Select a Measure.
Note: The Measure selected determines the options available for the State and Year fields, as well as a potential sub-measure field.
4. Select a State and a Year and click Generate Report.
To obtain a state highlights report that displays data for a selected topic, measure, and year, see .
Note: The application generates both tabular and graphical view for the HTML output option and only tabular view for Excel output option.
Using the State Highlights Report
1. Select a State.
Use the tabs to view state-specific reports.
To obtain a custom report that displays data for a selected topic, measure, state, and year, see OSH | CDC.
Creating a Trend Report
1. Select a Topic Type.
Note: The Topic Type and Topic selections determine the options available for the Measure, State and Year fields.
2. Select a Topic.
3. Select a Measure.
Note: The Measure selected determines the options available for the State and Year fields, as well as a potential sub-measure field.
4. Select a State
5. Select “check all” for Year and click Generate Report.
Personnel and Training Required
None
Equipment Needs
None
Requirements
| Requirement Category | Required |
|---|---|
| Major equipment | No |
| Specialized training | No |
| Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
| Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | No |
Mode of Administration
Secondary Data Analysis
Lifestage
Not applicable
Participants
Not applicable: derived from publicly available secondary data.
Selection Rationale
Tobacco use is the single leading cause of preventable deaths and disease in the United States. State public policy interventions and insurance mandates for cessation services through Medicaid have been shown to be critical tools to prevent and reduce tobacco use by children, youth, and adults.
Language
English
Standards
| Standard | Name | ID | Source |
|---|
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
The Tobacco Regulatory Research (TRR) Content Expert Panel (CEP) reviewed the measures in the Tobacco Regulatory Research collection in February 2024.
Guidance from the TRR CEP includes:
• Updated protocol
Previous version in Toolkit archive (link)
Protocol Name from Source
State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System
Source
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health (OSH), State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System. Available at: www.cdc.gov/tobacco/statesystem.
General References
Azagba, S., Ebling, T., Jensen, J. K., & Hall, M. (2023). A content review of state tobacco pre-emption laws in the US. Public Health, 222, 140-146.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (N.d.). State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System. Available at: www.cdc.gov/tobacco/statesystem.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2005). State smoking restrictions or private-sector worksites, restaurants, and bars-United States, 1998 and 2004. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 54(26), 649-653.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2008). State smoking restrictions for private-sector worksites, restaurants, and bars-United States, 2004 and 2007. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 57(20), 549-552.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). State preemption of local tobacco control policies restricting smoking, advertising, and youth access-United States, 2000-2010. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 60(33), 1124-1127.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). State smoke-free laws for worksites, restaurants, and bars-United States, 2000-2010. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 60(15), 472-475.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2012). Comprehensive smoke-free laws-50 largest U.S. cities, 2000 and 2012. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 61(45), 914-917.
Dahne, J., Nahhas, G. J., Wahlquist, A. E., Cummings, K. M., & Carpenter, M. J. (2020). State tobacco excise taxation, comprehensive smoke-free air laws, and tobacco control appropriations as predictors of smoking cessation success in the United States. Journal of public health management and practice: JPHMP, 26(5), E1.
Dai, H., Tamrakar, N., Rathnayake, N., & Samson, K. (2021). Geographical distribution and social determinants of Tobacco 21 policy adoption and retail inspections in the United States, 2015–2019. Tobacco Induced Diseases, 19.
Kang, J. Y., Kenemer, B., Mahoney, M., & Tynan, M. A. (2020). State preemption: impacts on advances in tobacco control. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 26, S54-S61.
Marynak, K., Holmes, C. B., King, B. A., Promoff, G., Bunnell, R., & McAfee, T.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2014). State laws prohibiting sales to minors and indoor use of electronic nicotine delivery systems-United States, November 2014. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 63(49), 1145-1150. (Erratum published December 19, 2014, MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 63[50], p. 1212)
Marynak, K., Mahoney, M., Williams, K. A. S., Tynan, M. A., Reimels, E., & King, B. A. (2020). State and territorial laws prohibiting sales of tobacco products to persons aged< 21 years—United States, December 20, 2019. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(7), 189.
Satchell, T., Diaz, M. C., Stephens, D., Bertrand, A., Schillo, B. A., & Whitsel, L. P. (2022). The impact of two state-level approaches to restricting the sale of flavored tobacco products. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1799.
Singleterry, J., Jump, Z., Lancet, E., Babb, S., MacNeil, A., & Zhang, L.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2014). State Medicaid coverage for tobacco cessation treatments and barriers to coverage-United States, 2008-2014. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 63(12), 264-269. (Erratum published July 25, 2014, MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 63[29], p.640)
Tynan, M. A., Holmes, C. B., Promoff, G., Hallett, C., Hopkins, M., & Frick, B. (2016). State and local comprehensive smoke-free laws for worksites, restaurants, and bars—United States, 2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 65(24), 623-626.
Unger JB, Chaloupka FJ, Vallone D, Thrasher JF, Nettles DS, Hendershot TP, Swan GE. PhenX: environment measures for tobacco regulatory research. Tobacco Control. 2020 Jan;29(Suppl 1):s35.
Protocol ID
751202
Variables
Export Variables| Variable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping |
|---|
Measure Name
State Tobacco Control Public Policies
Release Date
May 3, 2024
Definition
A measure of tobacco use prevention and control policies at the state level.
Purpose
This measure examines tobacco use prevention and control policies.
Keywords
state tobacco control public policies; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CDC; State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation; STATE; smoke free; worksites; restaurants; BARS; bans; restrictions; excise tax; tobacco; minors; marketing; advertising; policy; Medicaid coverage; Smoking Cessation; emerging tobacco products; tribal tobacco sales and pricing; preemption; smoke-free air; secondhand smoke; secondhand smoke; secondhand smoke
Measure Protocols
| Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
|---|---|
| 751202 | State Tobacco Control Public Policies |
Publications
There are no publications listed for this protocol.