Protocol - Spirituality
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Description
The WHOQOL Spirituality, Religion and Personal Beliefs (SRPB) is an instrument covering 8 facets, representing 32 items. The WHOQOL-SRPB questions ask about one’s spiritual, religious or personal beliefs and how these beliefs have affected Quality of Life (QoL), including positive feelings, social support, self-esteem, pain, energy, work capacity, health and social care, and leisure activities.
Specific Instructions
None
Availability
Protocol
Connectedness to a spiritual being or force
1. To what extent does any connection to a spiritual being help you to get through hard times?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
2. To what extent does any connection to a spiritual being help you to tolerate stress?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
3. To what extent does any connection to a spiritual being help you to understand others?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
4. To what extent does any connection to a spiritual being provide you with comfort / reassurance?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
Inner peace/ serenity/harmony
5. To what extent do you feel peaceful within yourself?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
6. To what extent do you have inner peace?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
7. How much are you able to feel peaceful when you need to?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
8. To what extent do you feel a sense of harmony in your life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
Meaning of life
9. To what extent do you find meaning in life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
10. To what extent does taking care of other people provide meaning of life for you?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
11. To what extent do you feel your life has a purpose?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
12. To what extent do you feel you are here for a reason?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
Hope & optimism
13. How hopeful do you feel?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
14. To what extent are you hopeful about your life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
15. To what extent does being optimistic improve your quality of life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
16. How able are you to remain optimistic in times of uncertainty?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
Awe
17. To what extent are you able to experience awe from your surroundings? (e.g. nature, art, music)
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
18. To what extent do you feel spiritually touched by beauty?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
19. To what extent do you have feelings of inspiration/excitement in your life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
20. To what extent are you grateful for the things in nature that you can enjoy?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
Faith
21. To what extent does faith contribute to your well-being?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
22. To what extent does faith give you comfort in daily life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
23. To what extent does faith give you strength in daily life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
24. To what extent does faith help you to enjoy life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
Wholeness & integration
25. To what extent do you feel any connection between your mind, body and soul?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
26. How satisfied are you that you have a balance between mind, body and soul?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
27. To what extent do you feel the way you live is consistent with what you feel and think?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
28. How much do your beliefs help you to create coherence between what you do, think and feel?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
Spiritual strength
29. To what extent do you feel inner spiritual strength?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
30. To what extent can you find spiritual strength in difficult times?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
31. How much does spiritual strength help you to live better?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
32. To what extent does your spiritual strength help you to feel happy in life?
1 [ ] Not at all
2 [ ] A little
3 [ ] A moderate amount
4 [ ] Very much
5 [ ] An extreme amount
Scoring:
Items are rated on a 5-point Likert interval scale where 1 indicates low, negative perceptions and 5 indicates high, positive perceptions. For example, an item in the personal relationships facet asks ‘‘How alone do you feel?’’ and the available responses are 1 (not at all), 2 (a little), 3 (a moderate amount), 4 (very much), and 5 (extremely). Domain scores are obtained by adding the facet means in the respective domain, and dividing by the number of facets in that domain, and multiplying by 4, so that scores range from 4 to 20.
Personnel and Training Required
The survey should be self-administered if respondents have sufficient ability to read; otherwise, interviewer-assisted or interviewer-administered forms should be used. The interviewer must be trained to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population. The interviewer must be trained and found to be competent (i.e., tested by an expert) at the completion of personal interviews. The interviewer should be trained to prompt respondents further if a “don’t know” response is provided.
Equipment Needs
The PhenX Working Group acknowledges that these questions can be administered in a computerized or noncomputerized format (i.e., paper-and-pencil instrument). Computer software is necessary to develop computer-assisted instruments. The interviewer will require a laptop computer or handheld computer to administer a computer-assisted questionnaire.
Requirements
| Requirement Category | Required |
|---|---|
| Major equipment | No |
| Specialized training | No |
| Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
| Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | No |
Mode of Administration
Self-administered questionnaire
Lifestage
Adult
Participants
Adults, ages 18 and older
Selection Rationale
Fielded in 18 countries, this questionnaire has a scoring algorithm that has been successful in showing that low spiritually affects health outcomes. The elements in this protocol are neutral and not specific to any Judeo-Christian religion. This internationally used instrument measures important components of quality of life.
Language
English, Other languages available at source
Standards
| Standard | Name | ID | Source |
|---|
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
The Expert Review Panel has not reviewed this measure yet.
Protocol Name from Source
World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Measure (WHOQOL) Spirituality, Religion and Personal Beliefs (SRPB)
Source
WHOQOL SRPB Group. (2006). A cross-cultural study of spirituality, religion, and personal beliefs as components of quality of life. Social Science & Medicine 62, 1486–1497.
General References
Mandhouj O, Etter JF, Courvoisier D, Aubin HJ. French-language version of the World Health Organization quality of life spirituality, religiousness and personal beliefs instrument. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2012 Apr 19;10:39. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-10-39.
Panzini RG, Maganha C, Rocha NS, Bandeira DR, Fleck MP. Brazilian validation of the Quality of Life Instrument/spirituality, religion and personal beliefs. Rev Saude Publica. 2011 Feb;45(1):153-65. English, Portuguese.
Protocol ID
280601
Variables
Export Variables| Variable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PX280601_Spirituality_Awe_Beauty | ||||
| PX280601180000 | To what extent do you feel spiritually more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Awe_Grateful | ||||
| PX280601200000 | To what extent are you grateful for the more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Awe_Inspiration | ||||
| PX280601190000 | To what extent do you have feelings of more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Awe_Surroundings | ||||
| PX280601170000 | To what extent are you able to experience more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Faith_Comfort_Daily_Life | ||||
| PX280601220000 | To what extent does faith give you comfort more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Faith_Enjoy_Life | ||||
| PX280601240000 | To what extent does faith help you to enjoy life? | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Faith_Strenght_Daily_Life | ||||
| PX280601230000 | To what extent does faith give you strength more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Faith_Well_Being | ||||
| PX280601210000 | To what extent does faith contribute to your more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Hope_Optimism | ||||
| PX280601130000 | How hopeful do you feel? | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Hope_Optimism_Extent | ||||
| PX280601140000 | To what extent are you hopeful about your life? | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Hope_Optimism_Quality_Life | ||||
| PX280601150000 | To what extent does being optimistic improve more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Hope_Optimism_Uncertainty | ||||
| PX280601160000 | How able are you to remain optimistic in more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Inner_Peace | ||||
| PX280601050000 | To what extent do you feel peaceful within more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Inner_Peace_Extent | ||||
| PX280601060000 | To what extent do you have inner peace? | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Inner_Peace_Harmony | ||||
| PX280601080000 | To what extent do you feel a sense of more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Inner_Peace_Need | ||||
| PX280601070000 | How much are you able to feel peaceful when more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Meaning_Life | ||||
| PX280601090000 | To what extent do you find meaning in life? | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Meaning_Life_Care_Others | ||||
| PX280601100000 | To what extent does taking care of other more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Meaning_Life_Purpose | ||||
| PX280601110000 | To what extent do you feel your life has a more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Meaning_Life_Reason | ||||
| PX280601120000 | To what extent do you feel you are here for more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Spiritual_Being_Comfort | ||||
| PX280601040000 | To what extent does any connection to a more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Spiritual_Being_Hard_Times | ||||
| PX280601010000 | To what extent does any connection to a more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Spiritual_Being_Stress | ||||
| PX280601020000 | To what extent does any connection to a more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Spiritual_Being_Understand_Others | ||||
| PX280601030000 | To what extent does any connection to a more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Strength_Difficult_Times | ||||
| PX280601300000 | To what extent can you find spiritual more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Strength_Feel_Happy | ||||
| PX280601320000 | To what extent does your spiritual strength more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Strength_Inner | ||||
| PX280601290000 | To what extent do you feel inner spiritual more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Strength_Live_Better | ||||
| PX280601310000 | How much does spiritual strength help you to more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Wholeness_Integration_Balance | ||||
| PX280601260000 | How satisfied are you that you have a more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Wholeness_Integration_Coherence | ||||
| PX280601280000 | How much do your beliefs help you to create more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Wholeness_Integration_Connection | ||||
| PX280601250000 | To what extent do you feel any connection more | N/A | ||
| PX280601_Spirituality_Wholeness_Integration_Feel_Think | ||||
| PX280601270000 | To what extent do you feel the way you live more | N/A | ||
Measure Name
Spirituality
Release Date
May 11, 2020
Definition
A questionnaire to assess spirituality, which affects the individual’s ability to cope with stress, illness, and maintain well being
Purpose
To assess an individual’s connectedness to a spiritual being and the extent to which those beliefs provide hope, inner peace, and other positive emotions.
Keywords
Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, Spirituality, Religion, Personal Beliefs
Measure Protocols
| Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
|---|---|
| 280601 | Spirituality |
Publications
Burnett-Bowie, S. A. M., et al. (2024) The American Society for Bone and Mineral Research Task Force on clinical algorithms for fracture risk report. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2024 May; 39(5): 517-530. doi: 10.1093/jbmr/zjae048
Bartholomew, T. S., et al. (2024) Project CHARIOT: study protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study of comprehensive tele-harm reduction for engagement of people who inject drugs in HIV prevention services Addiction Science & Clinical Practice. 2024 March; 19(1). doi: 10.1186/s13722-024-00447-9
Chan, N. W., et al. (2022) Social Determinants of Health Data Capture Within National and Health System Data Sources. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2022 November; 235(5): S136. doi: 10.1097/01.XCS.0000894008.17070.09
Chan, N. W., et al. (2022) Social determinants of health data in solid organ transplantation: National data sources and future directions. Am J Transplant. 2022 October; 22(10): 2293-2301. doi: 10.1111/ajt.17096