Protocol - Deterrents to Suicide - Clinical - Child
- Classification of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior - Adolescent - Current
- Classification of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior - Adolescent - Epidemiology
- Classification of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior - Adolescent - Lifetime
- Classification of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior - Adolescent - Since Last Visit
- Classification of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior - Adult - Current
- Classification of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior - Adult - Epidemiology
- Classification of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior - Adult - Lifetime
- Classification of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior - Adult - Since Last Visit
- Intensity of Suicidal Ideation (Continuum) - Adolescent
- Intensity of Suicidal Ideation (Continuum) - Adult
- Lethality of Suicide Attempts
- Non-suicidal Self Injury
- Self-efficacy in Sickle Cell Disease
- Social Isolation
- Social Networks
- Suicidal Intent of Suicide Attempts
Description
The Reasons for Living for Adolescents (RFL-A) inventory includes 32 self-report items that measure the adolescent respondent’s various reasons for living and their attitudes about living versus committing suicide. The RFL-A includes subscales for family alliance, suicide-related concerns, self-acceptance, peer-acceptance and support, and future optimism. Each item is rated on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("not at all important") to 6 ("extremely important"). Ratings for each subscale are constructed by calculating the mean rating for all items in the subscale. The total RFL‑A score is constructed by calculating the mean rating for all items.
Specific Instructions
This protocol includes questions that can potentially identify respondents who are at risk of suicide. Investigators implementing this protocol should consider developing a risk management plan specific to their study to ensure the safety of participants. The following links provide additional information and guidelines for suicide-related research:
ora.research.ucla.edu/OHRPP/Documents/Policy/8/Risk_of_Suicide.pdf
Availability
Protocol
Reasons for Living for Adolescents
The questionnaire lists specific reasons that people sometimes have for not committing suicide, if the thought were to occur to them or if someone were to suggest it to them. Please read each statement carefully, and then choose the number that best describes how important each reason is to you for not committing suicide.
Use the scale below and circle the appropriate number in the space to the right of each statement. Please use the whole range of choices so as not to rate only at the middle (2, 3, 4, and 5) or only at the extremes (1, 6).
How important to you is this reason for not committing suicide?
1. Whenever I have a problem, I can turn to my family for support or advice.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
2. It would be painful and frightening to take my own life.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
3. I accept myself for what I am.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
4. I have a lot to look forward to as I grow older.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
5. My friends stand by me whenever I have a problem.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
6. I feel loved and accepted by my close friends.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
7. I feel emotionally close to my family.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
8. I am afraid to die, so I would not consider killing myself.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
9. I like myself just the way I am.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
10. My friends care a lot about me.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
11. I would like to accomplish my plans or goals in the future.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
12. My family takes the time to listen to my experiences at school, work, or home.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
13. I expect many good things to happen to me in the future.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
14. I am satisfied with myself.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
15. I am hopeful about my plans or goals for the future.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
16. I believe my friends appreciate me when I am with them.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
17. I enjoy being with my family.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
18. I feel that I am an OK person.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
19. I expect to be successful in the future.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
20. The thought of killing myself scares me.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
21. I am afraid of using any method to kill myself.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
22. I can count on my friends to help if I have a problem.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
23. Most of the time, my family encourages and supports my plans or goals.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
24. My family cares about the way I feel.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
25. My future looks quite hopeful and promising.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
26. I am afraid of killing myself.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
27. My friends accept me for what I really am.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
28. I have many future plans I am looking forward to carrying out in the future.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
29. I feel good about myself.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
30. My family cares a lot about what would happen to me.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
31. I am happy with myself.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
32. I would be frightened or afraid to make plans for killing myself.
1[ ] Not At All Important
2[ ]Quite Unimportant
3[ ]Somewhat Unimportant
4[ ] Somewhat Important
5[ ] Quite Important
6[ ]Extremely Important
Scoring:
Family Alliance (FA) Scale (7 items)
- Calculate mean rating for items: 1, 7, 12, 17, 23, 24, and 30.
Suicide-related Concerns (SRC) Scale (6 items)
- Calculate mean rating for items: 2, 8, 20, 21, 26, and 32.
Self-Acceptance (SA) Scale (6 items)
- Calculate mean rating for items: 3, 9, 14, 18, 29, and 31.
Peer-Acceptance and Support (PAS) Scale (6 items)
- Calculate mean rating for items: 5, 6, 10, 15, 22, and 27.
Future Optimism (FO) Scale (7 items)
- Calculate mean rating for items: 4, 11, 13, 15, 19, 25, and 28.
Total Score
- Calculate mean rating for items 1 to 32.
Personnel and Training Required
None
Equipment Needs
None
Requirements
| Requirement Category | Required |
|---|---|
| Major equipment | No |
| Specialized training | No |
| Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
| Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | No |
Mode of Administration
Self-administered questionnaire
Lifestage
Adolescent
Participants
Adolescents, ages 15-18
Selection Rationale
The Reasons for Living for Adolescents (RFL-A) inventory is a brief, low-burden, widely used questionnaire with good internal reliability, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity. The RFL-A can also be used to capture changes in beliefs (e.g., reductions in suicide behaviors).
Language
English, Other languages available at source
Standards
| Standard | Name | ID | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human Phenotype Ontology | Suicidal Ideation | HP:0031592 | HPO |
| caDSR Form | PhenX PX640901 - Deterrents To Suicide Clinical Child | 6234315 | caDSR Form |
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
Not applicable.
Protocol Name from Source
The Reasons for Living for Adolescents (RFL-A) inventory
Source
Osman, A., Kopper, B. A., Barrios, F. X., Besett, T. M., Linehan, M. M., Baker, M. T., & Osman J. R. (1996). The brief Reasons for Living Inventory for Adolescents (BRFL-A). Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24(4), 433-443.
General References
Molock, S. D., Puri, R., Matlin, S., & Barksdale, C. (2006). Relationship Between Religious Coping and Suicidal Behaviors Among African American Adolescents. The Journal of Black Psychology, 32(3): 366-389.
Robinson, J., Hetrick, S., Gook, S., Cosgrave, E., Yuen, H. P., McGorry, P., & Yung, A. (2009). Study protocol: the development of a randomised controlled trial testing a postcard intervention designed to reduce suicide risk among young help-seekers. BMC Psychiatry, 23(9) 59.
Osman, A., Downs, W. R., Kopper, B. A., Barrios, F. X., Baker, M. T., Osman J. R., Besett, T. M., & Linehan, M. M. (1998). The Reasons for Living Inventory for Adolescents (RFL-A): Development and psychometric properties. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 54(8), 1063-1078.
Protocol ID
640901
Variables
Export Variables| Variable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PX640901_Suicide_Accept_Myself | ||||
| PX640901010300 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Afraid_Of_ Methods | ||||
| PX640901012100 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Afraid_Of_Killing | ||||
| PX640901012600 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Afraid_To_Die | ||||
| PX640901010800 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Count_OnFriends | ||||
| PX640901012200 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Deterrent_Scoring | ||||
| PX640901013300 | Family Alliance (FA) Scale (7 items) more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Emotionally_Close_Family | ||||
| PX640901010700 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Enjoy_Family | ||||
| PX640901011700 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Expect_Good_Future | ||||
| PX640901011300 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Expect_Success | ||||
| PX640901011900 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Family_Cares_Feelings | ||||
| PX640901012400 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Family_Cares_WhatHappens | ||||
| PX640901013000 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Family_Listens | ||||
| PX640901011200 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Family_Support | ||||
| PX640901012300 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Feel_Good | ||||
| PX640901012900 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Feel_OK | ||||
| PX640901011800 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Friends_AcceptMe | ||||
| PX640901012700 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Friends_AppreciateMe | ||||
| PX640901011600 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Friends_Care | ||||
| PX640901011000 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Friends_Stand_ByMe | ||||
| PX640901010500 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Frightened_To_MakePlans | ||||
| PX640901013200 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Future_Hopeful_Promising | ||||
| PX640901012500 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Future_Plans | ||||
| PX640901012800 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Grow_Older | ||||
| PX640901010400 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Happy_With_Self | ||||
| PX640901013100 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Hopefully_Future | ||||
| PX640901011500 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Like_Myself | ||||
| PX640901010900 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Loved_Accepted | ||||
| PX640901010600 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Painful_Frightening | ||||
| PX640901010200 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Plans_Future | ||||
| PX640901011100 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Problem_Support_Advice | ||||
| PX640901010100 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Satisfied | ||||
| PX640901011400 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
| PX640901_Suicide_Scares_Me | ||||
| PX640901012000 | How important to you is this reason for not more | N/A | ||
Measure Name
Deterrents to Suicide
Release Date
November 21, 2014
Definition
A questionnaire to assess protective factors that are deterrents to suicide behavior.
Purpose
The presence of protective factors and their interaction with risk factors can help indicate suicide risk.
Keywords
suicide, Suicide deterrents, Protective Factors, religiosity, Religion, Morality, Morals, Reasons for Living for Adolescents inventory, RFL-A
Measure Protocols
| Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
|---|---|
| 640901 | Deterrents to Suicide - Clinical - Child |
| 640902 | Deterrents to Suicide - Clinical - Adult |
| 640903 | Deterrents to Suicide - Epidemiology |
Publications
There are no publications listed for this protocol.